ARM has announced new and updated ARMv9 processor cores and new embedded graphics processors. The company has introduced the Cortex-X925, Cortex-A725 cores, and the updated Cortex-A520. Among the video chips, the Immortalis-G925, Mali-G725, and Mali-G625 have been introduced.
Cortex-X925, Cortex-A725, and Cortex-A520 Cores
In 2024, ARM is focused on perfecting last year's ARMv9.2 architecture. The company is transitioning all the latest cores to an enhanced 3nm process technology that is expected to provide increased performance, energy efficiency, and scalability. The new ARM solutions are adapted for mobile applications with artificial intelligence and add support for 64-bit AArch64 instructions. The developments are aimed not only at Android gadgets but also at Windows laptops.
The company promises speeds of over 3.6 GHz along with "optimal power, performance, and area metrics." The ARMv9.2 architecture in the 3nm process has been significantly improved with the new large Cortex X925 core, which ARM considers to be the new top for mobile devices. The architecture has been optimized for higher clock speeds and a better level of efficiency, providing greater computational power per watt. This is achieved through several architectural innovations, including enhanced execution pipelines, improved branch prediction, and expanded out-of-order execution capabilities. The result of these improvements is an increase in the number of instructions per cycle. Cortex X925 cores will operate at frequencies up to 3.8 GHz.
Tests presented by ARM, which should be viewed critically, demonstrate a significant increase in single-threaded and multi-threaded performance, making these new solutions ideal for various programs. The company even claims the leadership of the performance cores Cortex X925 in a single-threaded test and victory over Intel and AMD. ARM also mentions extended battery life due to energy efficiency and better temperature management, improved security, and AI performance. The company has introduced new KleidiAI libraries for developers.
Cortex-A925 provides a significant performance increase compared to the previous generation—up to 36% per core, as well as a 46% improvement in AI performance compared to Cortex-X4. Cortex-A725 should become an updated Cortex-A720 with a 35% performance improvement and 25% energy efficiency improvement. The updated Cortex-A520 provides a 15% increase in energy efficiency and a transition to 3nm. The performance cores Cortex X925, balanced Cortex A725, and energy-efficient updated Cortex A520 will receive powerful graphics starting with Immortalis G925.
Graphics Immortalis-G925, Mali-G725, and Mali-G625
The new ARM graphics processors Immortalis-G925, Mali-G725, and Mali-G625 will cover a variety of consumer devices, from flagship and affordable smartphones to smart watches and other devices.
Immortalis-G925 with 10 or more cores is designed for high-performance devices such as flagship smartphones. Mali-G725 scales from 6 to 9 cores and is intended for premium phones, offering the same API support as the higher model but optimized for lower-tier devices. Mali-G625 will have 1 to 5 cores and is aimed at smart watches and budget smartphones.
The new graphics processors are the second iteration of the 5th generation embedded graphics introduced by ARM in 2023. Compared to last year's Immortalis-G720, G925 should provide 37% more frames per second in games with a 30% lower energy consumption. The company claims a 49% increase in Genshin Impact, +49% in Roblox, and from 20% to 72% in other games.
To meet the demand for more complex geometry in games, Immortalis-G925 introduces a new fragment pre-pass mechanism. It eliminates the need for games to sort any objects or primitives and reduces the number of updates during geometric workload processing. This leads to a 43% reduction in rendering cycles.
Immortalis-G925 improves ray tracing performance by 52% on complex objects. By internally testing ray tracing content, we continue to improve ray tracing performance. Additionally, developers can slightly reduce the accuracy of transparency in game scenes to achieve a 52% performance boost along with a 57% reduction in memory usage. Immortalis-G925 now supports 50% more shader cores, allowing its top configuration to have 24 cores compared to 16 in the previous generation. ARM has also paid a lot of attention to improving artificial intelligence processing.
Sources: ARM, AnandTech, TechPowerUp, VideoCardz
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